안녕하세요. CND 관리자입니다. 오늘 소개해 드릴 공부거리 주제는 A Phenotypic Platform for Chrarcterization of Drug Safety Mechanisms입니다. Webinar 녹화영상을 시청하실 수 있는 링크 및 자료를 게시해 드립니다. 감사합니다. https://youtu.be/VaHeY94Kn7M 출처: DiscoverX Corporation https://www.discoverx.com  

안녕하세요. CND 관리자입니다. 오늘의 공부거리는 생식기계 병리에 대한 ACT webniar 입니다. 웨비나 녹화 영상을 시청하실 수 있는 링크를 첨부합니다.      American College of Toxicology and Society of Toxicologic Pathology Collaboration Webinar Speakers: Christopher J. Bowman, PhD, DABT, Associate Research Fellow, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Wendy G. Halpern, DVM, PhD, DACVP, Principal Pathologist, Genentech, Inc. Reproduction, Development, and Pathology: Finding Common Ground 출처: http://www.actox.org/meetCourses/eduWebinars.asp

안녕하세요, CND 관리자입니다. 오늘의 공부거리는 Robert Maronpot의 IATP (International Academy of Toxicology Pathology) 강의 "Adverse, Non-adverse and Adaptive Responses in Toxicologic Pathology" 입니다.  관련 슬라이드를 첨부합니다.   출처: https://focusontoxpath.com/adverse-responses/

안녕하세요. CND 관리자입니다. 이번 공부거리는 Focus on Tox Path 사이트에 게시된 간독성 전반에 대한 슬라이드 강의입니다. 출처: http://focusontoxpath.com/hepatotoxicity/  

안녕하세요 CND 센터 관리자입니다.  오늘은 in vitro 강연 시리즈 중 '약물 유도성 미토콘드리아 독성을 평가하기 위한 in vitro screening tools의 발전'을 주제로 한 강연을 소개해 드립니다. 영상자료 대신 발표 PPT를 파일로 첨부하였습니다.  부디 많은 참고 되시길 바랍니다. Yvonne Will Pfizer, Inc., San Diego, California It is estimated that only 50% of the animal studies predict human efficacy and more importantly human toxicity. In addition, the use of animals should be minimized as much as possible for ethical reasons. Today, there are vigorous, ongoing national and international research and policy efforts to develop alternatives to animal testing. The efforts focus on both in vitro and in silico approaches and methods. For example, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) created the NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM) in 1998. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common mechanism of drug-induced toxicity for a variety of therapeutics, such as certain antiviral drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, NSAIDs and certain cancer chemotherapeutics. Therefore, the early identification of drug candidates that potentially disrupt mitochondrial function is of significant importance in drug discovery. In the past few years we have developed organelle and cell based in vitro screens to detect potential mitochondrial toxicities. These include oxygen sensors to measure mitochondrial respiration in isolated mitochondria and cells, immunocapture of individual electron transport chain proteins that can identify inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport, and metabolic profiling using oxygen and pH measurements. We discuss the strength and limitations of new applicable high throughput screens and provide recommendations of where to position these assays within the drug development process.   출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/ivLectures.asp  

[In vitro] The 3Rs in Animal Use and a Prospective In Vitro Screening Tool for Identifying Potential Immunotoxicants 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 immunotoxicants의 in vitro 접근방법을 주제로 강연을 소개해드리겠습니다. 영상자료 대신 PPT 자료를 파일로 첨부하였습니다.  조금이나마 학습에 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Courtney E. W. Sulentic Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio The purpose of this lecture is to discuss the importance of animal research to biomedical sciences and toxicology and the ethical obligations of the scientific community to follow the “3Rs” of animal testing (refine, reduce, replace) whenever it is feasible. Following this discussion the remainder of the lecture will briefly describe Dr. Sulentic’s current research utilizing an in vitro alternative to understand mechanisms in altered immune function. The immune system is critical to human survival but also plays a contributing role in various mechanisms of toxicity. Assessing alterations of immune function by potential immunotoxicants is complicated by the diffuse nature of the immune system which is composed of various effector cells each with differing functions. Current immunotoxicity testing relies heavily on animal studies underscoring the need to develop and implement alternative approaches. Dr. Sulentic will discuss a cell line model developed to provide an in vitro alternative to animal studies in identifying immunotoxicants that specifically target B-cell function (i.e., alteration of immunoglobulin expression and antibody secretion) as well as elucidating the mechanisms of altered B-cell function. 출처: SOT http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/ivLectures.asp  

[Webinars] Using Electron Microscopy in Nonclinical Studies​ 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 오늘 소개해드릴 주제는 비임상시험에서 전자현미경의 활용 방안 입니다. 아래 링크를 누르신 이후 하단에 있는 Playback 버튼을 누르시면 Webinar player 프로그램인 WebEx를 통해 기록된 교육을 청취하실 수 있습니다. 많은 참고가 되길 바랍니다. Webinar 교육 링크   Using Electron Microscopy in Nonclinical Studies Hosted by STP-I Co-sponsored by IFSTP and IATP May 25, 2017 Speaker: Thomas Steinbach, EPL Inc.   The webinar discussed the basic processes involved in collecting a sample and producing an image from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) suitable for interpretation in nonclinical studies.  The talk emphasized when it is appropriate to use TEM in a nonclinical setting, how to design a protocol that incorporates TEM and the limits of TEM analysis.    출처: http://www.ifstp.net/webinar_programs  

[SOT Lectures] The Symbiosis of Mentoring_Getting the Most out of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 독성학자에게 필요한 소양 중에서 Mentor-Mentee Relationship을 주제로 강연 시리즈를 소개해드리겠습니다. 오늘 올려드리는 주제는 'The Two-Way Street of Mentoring: Reflections on Career Development in a Chemical Industry Toxicology Laboratory' 입니다. 이번 강연은 영상은 없지만 플레이어를 통해 강연 소리가 제공됩니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Chairperson(s): Kelly J. Chandler, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, and Bethany R. Hannas, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.   Mentoring is a critical element in the career development of all toxicologists, both in terms of making the most of potential mentors and developing effective mentoring skills. Whether through involvement in academia, or helping to develop the expertise of an early-career scientist, most toxicologists will provide mentoring at some point in their career. The mentor role serves to transfer knowledge, give advice and provide support to a trainee or developing scientist, while the mentee is relied upon by the mentor to provide active participation and input into the relationship. According to national polls, as well as SOT-specific surveys, one of the resounding topics of interest for developing scientists is mentoring from the broad perspectives of choosing the right mentor, down to developing the skills to become a sound mentor. Therefore, this session was designed to complement existing mentor matching opportunities offered through SOT. Speaker presentations will focus on: (1) the fundamentals of mentoring, including the different situations and roles in which the mentee-mentor dynamic may be encountered; (2) an introduction to the most commonly used mentoring techniques; (3) identifying characteristics of a strong mentor-mentee relationship; and (4) mentoring towards the future of science and the challenge to overcome more complex scientific problems. Speaker perspectives will address the mentorship role within academia, government, and industry. Attendees of this session will learn to identify a healthy mentor-mentee relationship and understand the benefits to each member of the collaboration. Mentoring topics discussed in this session will be applicable to scientists at every career stage through highlighting the basics behind a strong, mutually-beneficial mentoring relationship.     The Symbiosis of Mentoring: Getting the Most out of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship The Two-Way Street of Mentoring: Reflections on Career Development in a Chemical Industry Toxicology Laboratory Presenter: Louise Saldutti 출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/lectures.asp

[SOT Lectures] The Symbiosis of Mentoring_Getting the Most out of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 독성학자에게 필요한 소양 중에서 Mentor-Mentee Relationship을 주제로 강연 시리즈를 소개해드리겠습니다. 오늘 올려드리는 자료는 introduction 입니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Chairperson(s): Kelly J. Chandler, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, and Bethany R. Hannas, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.   Mentoring is a critical element in the career development of all toxicologists, both in terms of making the most of potential mentors and developing effective mentoring skills. Whether through involvement in academia, or helping to develop the expertise of an early-career scientist, most toxicologists will provide mentoring at some point in their career. The mentor role serves to transfer knowledge, give advice and provide support to a trainee or developing scientist, while the mentee is relied upon by the mentor to provide active participation and input into the relationship. According to national polls, as well as SOT-specific surveys, one of the resounding topics of interest for developing scientists is mentoring from the broad perspectives of choosing the right mentor, down to developing the skills to become a sound mentor. Therefore, this session was designed to complement existing mentor matching opportunities offered through SOT. Speaker presentations will focus on: (1) the fundamentals of mentoring, including the different situations and roles in which the mentee-mentor dynamic may be encountered; (2) an introduction to the most commonly used mentoring techniques; (3) identifying characteristics of a strong mentor-mentee relationship; and (4) mentoring towards the future of science and the challenge to overcome more complex scientific problems. Speaker perspectives will address the mentorship role within academia, government, and industry. Attendees of this session will learn to identify a healthy mentor-mentee relationship and understand the benefits to each member of the collaboration. Mentoring topics discussed in this session will be applicable to scientists at every career stage through highlighting the basics behind a strong, mutually-beneficial mentoring relationship.     The Symbiosis of Mentoring: Getting the Most out of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship Introduction Presenter: Bethany R. Hannas   출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/lectures.asp

[Eminent Lectures] Cheryl Lyn Walker—Environmental Epigenomics: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 Eminent Lecture Series를 소개해드리겠습니다. 영상자료와 함께 참고자료를 파일로 첨부하였습니다.  조금이나마 학습에 도움이 되길 바랍니다.     The epigenome, considered the “software” that runs the genome,  consists of chemical modifications to the DNA and its associated proteins that regulate gene transcr!ption.  SOT Past President Cheryl Lyn Walker, PhD, ATS, Fellow AAAS discusses how the epigenetic programming that occurs during development influences health and disease across the life course, focusing on how certain chemical exposures, particularly during vulnerable windows of time during development, disrupt this programming to increase risk of disease.     Cheryl Lyn Walker Biography Cheryl Lyn Walker, PhD, ATS, FAAAS, is Professor and Director of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center. She also holds the endowed Welch Chair in Chemistry and a joint position as clinical Professor in the College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at Texas A&M University. Dr. Walker’s lab explores how cancer happens on the molecular level, including gene environment interactions that can promote development of this disease. Dr. Walker was elected as an American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellow in 2011. A member of SOT since 1988, she served as SOT President from 2009–2010. She has received numerous awards including the 2010 Cozzarelli Prize for Biological Sciences from the National Academy of Sciences from MD Anderson Cancer Center, and the Sigma Xi Outstanding Distinguished Scientist Award from Texas A&M University., the Dallas/Fort Worth Living Legend Faculty Achievement Award in Basic Research. Currently, she serves on the Board of Scientific Advisors of the National Cancer Institut    

[In vitro] Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century- The Vision and Some Questions 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 in vitro approach를 주제로 강연을 소개해드리겠습니다. 영상자료 대신 PPT 자료를 파일로 첨부하였습니다.  조금이나마 학습에 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Kim Boekelheide Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island The purpose of this event for postdoctoral scholars, graduate students, undergraduate students, and other invited guests is to focus on the importance of animal research to biomedical sciences and toxicology and the ethical obligations of the scientific community to follow the “3Rs” of animal testing (refine, reduce, replace) whenever it is feasible.   In the future, toxicity testing will utilize emerging technologies from the ongoing revolution in understanding biological processes to identify the effects of chemicals on toxicity pathways, using in vitro approaches. The interpretation of chemically-induced alterations in toxicity pathways will depend upon sophisticated modeling that extrapolates from the measured dose-response in cell-based systems to human exposure.   After providing an overview of the National Academy of Sciences report entitled “Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: The Vision and Some Questions,” this presentation will turn to a discussion of issues raised by this new approach. The audience will be asked to think about and respond to the following questions:   Is focus on environmental agents important for the design criteria? How long will it take to implement this new toxicity testing paradigm? Is the focus on “toxicity pathways” useful or distracting? Does a test for neurodevelopmental effects have to look at neurons? How do we distinguish adaptive versus adverse (toxic) responses? Is this a screening tool or a stand-alone system? How is the new paradigm validated? What about epigenetics and other new biology? How do regulators handle the transition in testing? How does the apical definition of adversity work in the new toxicity testing paradigm? 출처: http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/ivLectures.asp  

[SOT Lectures] Precision Medicine 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 Precision Medicine 을 주제로한 강연시리즈를 소개해드리겠습니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Pharmacogenomics of Drug Toxicity in Cancer: Making the Case for Precision Medicine   Lecturer: Jun J. Yang, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN Elucidation of the genetic basis for inter-patient variability in drug toxicity not only reveals important biology of a drug' s mechanism of action but also provides critical knowledge that enables risk-adapted treatment individualization. This is particularly relevant in cancer where chemotherapy is often associated with severe acute toxicities and debilitating long-term side effects. Therefore, the narrow therapeutic index of anti-leukemic drugs provides a compelling rationale for improvements in evidence-based precision medicine approaches. Focusing on acute lymphoblastic leukemia as a model disease, our pharmacogenomics research identifies genetic factors associated with response and toxicity of a wide range of common anti-cancer drugs, from which we then develop genetics-guided individualized therapy. For example, inherited deficiency in detoxification enzymes TPMT and NUDT15 predisposes children with leukemia to severe thiopurine-induced myelosuppression and preemptive dose adjustment based on gene genotype effectively minimizes host toxicity without compromising anti-cancer efficacy of this class of drugs. In fact, there is a rapidly-growing number of medications for which pharmacogenomic variants can directly guide treatment choice and/or dosing strategy. At the forefront of precision medicine, pharmacogenomics hold particularly great promise to transform medical practice with more efficacious and safer therapies across diseases.     The Role of Precision Medicine in Closing the Innovation Gap   Lecturer: Richard Barker, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom The tremendous recent advances in basic bioscience are not translating as effectively and affordably as they should into health benefit for patients and positive change in healthcare delivery. The presentation will analyze and illustrate this phenomenon and the threat it represents to the long-term sustainability of biomedical innovation. It will also propose changes to both the innovation process and the environment in which it operates, highlighting the golden thread of precision medicine—vital to the potential to make major changes in innovation productivity. The talk will draw on the speaker›s recent experience launching the UK’s Precision Medicine Catapult. 출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://www.toxicology.org/education/pw/lec/AM17_PM.asp  

[SOT Lectures] Social media and Informatics Essentials for Toxicologists 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 독성학자에게 필요한 미디어와 정보과학을 주제로한 강연 시리즈를 하나씩 소개해드리겠습니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다. The Cloud, Open Source, and Data Democratization: Innovating Computational Toxicology and Bioinformatics Lyle D. Burgoon 출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) https://player.vimeo.com/video/142511461

[FDA Colloquium]  Application of In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation in Safety Assessment 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. 이번에는 FDA Colloquia 자료를 소개해 드립니다. 발표자료도 아래 함께 첨부하였습니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Chair: Richard A. Becker, PhD, DABT, American Chemistry Council, Washington, DC Co-Chair: Lisa M. Sweeney, PhD, DABT, Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Dayton, OH   Overview The development and use of in vitro methods to examine potential effects of consumer product chemicals, commodity substances, food additives and ingredients is accelerating. Compared to traditional animal toxicity studies, advanced high throughput screening methods (HTS) and high content cellular based omics hold considerable promise to more efficiently define biological activity profiles of chemicals. However, methods are needed to extrapolate the concentrations found to elicit effects in vitro to equivalent doses and relevance in humans. This is accomplished with In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation (IVIVE), a technique that uses knowledge (or measurements) of chemical specific distribution parameters and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling to calculate oral equivalent doses (or internal circulating/target organ concentrations) in humans. Such IVIVE-derived doses can then be compared to modeled or measured human intakes or exposures to better understand margins of exposure.   The colloquium started with an overview of IVIVE and a discussion of the principles underpinning the development of the methodology and highlight key elements to think through when considering applying IVIVE. Second, technical details and data needed for IVIVE were discussed. Third, examples of IVIVE applications in chemical assessment (including substances relevant to food safety) were presented. Fourth, the opportunities and challenges for using IVIVE in safety evaluations were discussed. Finally, the colloquium concluded with a panel discussion addressing the key issues brought up by the speakers and questions from participants.  <p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p> 출처 SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://www.toxicology.org/events/shm/fda/fda.asp Vimeo https://vimeo.com/199878098

[SOT Lectures] The Exposome: Challenges and Opportunities 안녕하세요. CND 센터 관리자입니다. Exposome 을 주제로 강연을 소개해드립니다. 많은 도움이 되길 바랍니다.   Lecturer: Paul Elliott, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom National and international variations in disease rates, and temporal trends—for example, the remarkable and rapid declines in coronary heart disease mortality in many countries over recent years, point to the overwhelming importance of environmental factors in risk of chronic diseases. The new developments in ’omics technologies, new sensor technologies and exposure assessment methods, provide an unprecedented opportunity to make real advances in understanding the links between environmental stressors, health and disease. Recently the exposome concept has been proposed as a means to gain greater understanding of the interaction between the environment and the host. The exposome captures the totality of internal (biochemical) and external exposures (and their biological imprints) from a variety of sources including chemical and biological agents, gut microbial and lifestyle/psychosocial factors, over the life course. The idea is that these factors interact at a cellular and systems level to generate molecular signatures of health or disease, providing new insights into disease etiopathogenesis that can inform both preventive strategies and new treatments. The metabolic signature can be assessed through ’omic technologies and biomarkers, encompassing a wide range of molecules, including small molecule metabolites in blood or urine (metabolomics), and downstream changes in gene expression levels and regulation (transcr!ptomics, epigenomics, proteomics). Metabolomics in particular is a powerful and innovative approach that captures in high-resolution direct signatures of the end products of metabolic pathways associated with a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. This lecture will present some recent applications of the exposome approach, including use of the Metabolome-Wide Association Study (MWAS) concept, and discuss how these ideas may be taken forward in the future. 출처: SOT (Society of Toxicology) http://toxicology.org/education/pw/lec/AM17_MRC.asp